Shore fly
pest, but the insects can act as vectors for disease organisms, such as Fusarium , among both food crops and ornamentals. Damage symptoms Since all life stages [...] black flies can be found naturally at marshy, muddy lake shores and intertidal zones, and they breed readily in other moist environments. In greenhouses [...] . However, they are considered a nuisance pest because the flies: Leave their feces (as black flecks) on the foliage of ornamentals or food crops, causing